TopographySurface Transport & Logistics
The topography can be linked to the study of the characteristics of the land surface, having multiple applications. The data collected by means of topographic techniques provide the development of areas such as: civil construction, road system, industry and environmental studies.
In environmental studies, it is important to collect information on the terrain, such as relief, soil type, vegetation cover, among others. This information, known as environmental data, can only be acquired with high precision, hence the need to use a science such as topography.
Importance in environmental studies
In the process of Environmental Licensing for the Recovery of Degraded Areas, a planialtimetric plan of the area of the plan or project must be presented, with hydrography, Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) and details of the plan / project, in geographic coordinate with the information of the Datum of origin.
Thus, geoprocessing is part of the routine of the Environment professional, being linked to spatial information, with regard to the collection, demarcation, treatment and analysis of geographic data. With geoprocessing, it is possible to create all the products necessary for environmental studies. Monitoring the deforestation of large areas, such as the Amazon rainforest, is facilitated thanks to geoprocessing techniques. It is possible to carry out a complete analysis of the problem using satellite images or images acquired by aerial surveys (topography with Drones).
Another example of the use of topographic data in environmental studies is in the execution of landfills. All phases of landfill projects use topography techniques in their execution, such as choosing the area, projects, implementation, operation and mainly in monitoring through the measurement of pile volumes.